RabbitMQ 1.安装

RabbitMQ 消息队列，也可以称为消息队列或者消息中间件，它一般有两种传递模式：点对点(p2p, Point-to-Point)和发布订阅模式(Pub/Sub)。

1. 点对点模式是基于队列的， 消息生产者发送消息到队列，消息消费者从队列中接收消息。
2. 发布订阅模式定义 了如何向一个内容节点发布和订阅消息，这个内容节点称为主题(topic)， 主题可以认为是消息传递的中介， 消息发布者将消息发布到某个主题，而消息订阅者则从主题中订阅消息。 主题使得消息的订阅者与消息的发布者互相保持独立， 不需要进行接触即可保证消息的传递，发布订阅模式在消息的一对多广播时采用。

主流消息中间件： RabbitMQ, Kafka, RocketMQ

消息中间件作用

• 解耦：
• 冗余（存储）：消息中间件可以把数据持久化直接到它们已经被完全处理。
• 扩展性：只要另外增加处理过程即可。
• 削峰： 流量削峰
• 可恢复性：当系统一部分组件失败时，不会影响整个系统。消息中间件降低了进程间的耦合度，所以即使唤一个处理消息的进程挂掉，加入消息中间件中的消息仍然可以在系统恢复后进行处理。
• 缓存： 消息中间件通过一个缓存层来提高效率，写入速度可以大于处理
• 异步通信

1、安装系统centos7

2、安装Erlang语言

需要先安装erlang语言。 这里用yum的方式进行安装，最开始尝试了源码编译，发现太多的依赖，解决起来太麻烦

curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/rabbitmq/erlang/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash
yum install -y erlang
erl

3. 安装RabbitMQ

下载 RabbitMQ在github.com可以找到预编译好的rpm安装包， 这里我们的系统是centos,所以选择rpm包即可

复制链接地址，在centos中执行

wget https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.9.11/rabbitmq-server-3.9.11-1.el7.noarch.rpm

安装

[root@VM-0-3-centos soft]# rpm -ivh rabbitmq-server-3.9.11-1.el7.noarch.rpm

安装成功后
3. 启动RabbitMQ服务

rabbitmq-server -detached

命令后面添加一个”-detached”参数是为了能够让RabbitMQ服务以守护进程的方式在后台运行，这样就不会因为当前shell窗口关闭影响

[root@VM-0-3-centos soft]# rabbitmqctl status
Status of node rabbit@VM-0-3-centos ...
Runtime

OS PID: 8841
OS: Linux
Uptime (seconds): 8
Is under maintenance?: false
RabbitMQ version: 3.9.11
Node name: rabbit@VM-0-3-centos
Erlang configuration: Erlang/OTP 23 [erts-11.2.2.7] [source] [64-bit] [smp:1:1] [ds:1:1:10] [async-threads:1] [hipe]
Erlang processes: 265 used, 1048576 limit
Scheduler run queue: 1
Cluster heartbeat timeout (net_ticktime): 60

Plugins

Enabled plugin file: /etc/rabbitmq/enabled_plugins
Enabled plugins:


Data directory

Node data directory: /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbit@VM-0-3-centos
Raft data directory: /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbit@VM-0-3-centos/quorum/rabbit@VM-0-3-centos

Config files


Log file(s)

 * /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@VM-0-3-centos.log
 * /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@VM-0-3-centos_upgrade.log
 * <stdout>

Alarms

(none)

Memory

Total memory used: 0.0709 gb
Calculation strategy: rss
Memory high watermark setting: 0.4 of available memory, computed to: 0.7709 gb

code: 0.0242 gb (34.2 %)
other_proc: 0.0187 gb (26.42 %)
other_system: 0.0118 gb (16.61 %)
allocated_unused: 0.0069 gb (9.67 %)
reserved_unallocated: 0.0046 gb (6.54 %)
other_ets: 0.0029 gb (4.09 %)
atom: 0.0013 gb (1.87 %)
binary: 0.0002 gb (0.28 %)
mnesia: 0.0001 gb (0.13 %)
metrics: 0.0001 gb (0.08 %)
plugins: 0.0 gb (0.05 %)
msg_index: 0.0 gb (0.04 %)
quorum_ets: 0.0 gb (0.01 %)
stream_queue_procs: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
stream_queue_replica_reader_procs: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
connection_channels: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
connection_other: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
connection_readers: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
connection_writers: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
mgmt_db: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
queue_procs: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
queue_slave_procs: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
quorum_queue_procs: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)
stream_queue_coordinator_procs: 0.0 gb (0.0 %)

File Descriptors

Total: 2, limit: 65438
Sockets: 0, limit: 58892

Free Disk Space

Low free disk space watermark: 0.05 gb
Free disk space: 22.9509 gb

Totals

Connection count: 0
Queue count: 0
Virtual host count: 1

Listeners

Interface: [::], port: 25672, protocol: clustering, purpose: inter-node and CLI tool communication
Interface: [::], port: 5672, protocol: amqp, purpose: AMQP 0-9-1 and AMQP 1.0

输出以上信息，表示启动成功

通过rabbitmqctl cluster_status查看集群信息， 目前只有一个RabbitMQ服务节点，可以看作单节点的集群

[root@VM-0-3-centos soft]# rabbitmqctl cluster_status
Cluster status of node rabbit@VM-0-3-centos ...
Basics

Cluster name: rabbit@VM-0-3-centos

Disk Nodes

rabbit@VM-0-3-centos

Running Nodes

rabbit@VM-0-3-centos

Versions

rabbit@VM-0-3-centos: RabbitMQ 3.9.11 on Erlang 23.3.4.8

Maintenance status

Node: rabbit@VM-0-3-centos, status: not under maintenance

Alarms

(none)

Network Partitions

(none)

Listeners

Node: rabbit@VM-0-3-centos, interface: [::], port: 25672, protocol: clustering, purpose: inter-node and CLI tool communication
Node: rabbit@VM-0-3-centos, interface: [::], port: 5672, protocol: amqp, purpose: AMQP 0-9-1 and AMQP 1.0

Feature flags

Flag: implicit_default_bindings, state: enabled
Flag: maintenance_mode_status, state: enabled
Flag: quorum_queue, state: enabled
Flag: stream_queue, state: enabled
Flag: user_limits, state: enabled
Flag: virtual_host_metadata, state: enabled

4. 开启web管理界面

RabbitMQ默认安装启动以后，是没有开启web管理界面的， 通过rabbitmq-plugins list命令可以列出插件的启用和禁用状态

[root@VM-0-3-centos soft]# rabbitmq-plugins list
Listing plugins with pattern ".*" ...
 Configured: E = explicitly enabled; e = implicitly enabled
 | Status: * = running on rabbit@VM-0-3-centos
 |/
[  ] rabbitmq_amqp1_0                  3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_cache       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_http        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_ldap        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2      3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_mechanism_ssl       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_consistent_hash_exchange 3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_event_exchange           3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_federation               3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_federation_management    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_jms_topic_exchange       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_management               3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_management_agent         3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_mqtt                     3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_aws       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_common    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_consul    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_etcd      3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_k8s       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_prometheus               3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_random_exchange          3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_recent_history_exchange  3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_sharding                 3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel                   3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel_management        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_stomp                    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_stream                   3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_stream_management        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_top                      3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_tracing                  3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_trust_store              3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_dispatch             3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt                 3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp                3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp_examples       3.9.11

这里使用rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management开启web界面管理插件

[root@VM-0-3-centos soft]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
Enabling plugins on node rabbit@VM-0-3-centos:
rabbitmq_management
The following plugins have been configured:
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch
Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@VM-0-3-centos...
The following plugins have been enabled:
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch

started 3 plugins.
[root@VM-0-3-centos soft]# rabbitmq-plugins list
Listing plugins with pattern ".*" ...
 Configured: E = explicitly enabled; e = implicitly enabled
 | Status: * = running on rabbit@VM-0-3-centos
 |/
[  ] rabbitmq_amqp1_0                  3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_cache       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_http        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_ldap        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2      3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_mechanism_ssl       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_consistent_hash_exchange 3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_event_exchange           3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_federation               3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_federation_management    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_jms_topic_exchange       3.9.11
[E*] rabbitmq_management               3.9.11
[e*] rabbitmq_management_agent         3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_mqtt                     3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_aws       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_common    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_consul    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_etcd      3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_k8s       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_prometheus               3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_random_exchange          3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_recent_history_exchange  3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_sharding                 3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel                   3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel_management        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_stomp                    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_stream                   3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_stream_management        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_top                      3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_tracing                  3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_trust_store              3.9.11
[e*] rabbitmq_web_dispatch             3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt                 3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp                3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp_examples       3.9.11

Web管理默认端口为15672

默认用户名和密码为guest/guest, 登录后如上图 仅可以localhost登录,

禁用rabbitmq-management插件的命令为：

 rabbitmq-plugins disable rabbitmq_management

这时我们另外添加一个用户，并设置相应的访问权限

添加新用户， 用户名为root, 密码为:XXXXXX

[root@VM-0-3-centos soft]# rabbitmqctl add_user root '**********'
Adding user "root" ...
Done. Don't forget to grant the user permissions to some virtual hosts! See 'rabbitmqctl help set_permissions' to learn more.

为root用户设置所有权限

[root@VM-0-3-centos soft]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / root ".*" ".*" ".*"
Setting permissions for user "root" in vhost "/" ...

设置root用户为管理员角色

[root@VM-0-3-centos soft]# rabbitmqctl set_user_tags root administrator
Setting tags for user "root" to [administrator] ...

然后我们即可以web管理页面登录

至此，我们的RabbitMQ已经安装完成